Installation costs vary 30–50% by region — the same unit and scope costs $1,900 in Mississippi and $5,500+ in California. National average: $2,637 installed.
Gas costs = natural gas whole-house unit. Electric costs = whole-house unit (without panel upgrade). Permit costs are typical range; actual varies by jurisdiction.
| State | Gas Installed | Electric Installed | Typical Permit | Natural Gas | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | $1,900–$4,200 | $1,000–$2,600 | $50–$100 | High | — |
| Alaska | $3,200–$7,000 | $1,800–$3,800 | $100–$300 | Low | Supply chain premium; propane common |
| Arizona | $2,100–$4,800 | $1,200–$2,800 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Arkansas | $1,900–$4,200 | $1,000–$2,500 | $50–$100 | High | — |
| California | $3,200–$7,500 | $1,800–$4,000 | $150–$400 | High | Highest labor rates; strict permit requirements |
| Colorado | $2,400–$5,500 | $1,300–$3,100 | $100–$200 | High | — |
| Connecticut | $3,000–$6,500 | $1,600–$3,500 | $100–$250 | High | High labor rates; MassSave adjacent rebates |
| Delaware | $2,400–$5,500 | $1,300–$3,000 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Florida | $2,000–$4,800 | $1,100–$2,800 | $75–$175 | Medium | Competitive labor; warm climate = lower GPM needs |
| Georgia | $2,000–$4,600 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Hawaii | $4,000–$8,000 | $2,200–$4,500 | $200–$500 | Low | Island premium; propane only; most use solar/electric |
| Idaho | $2,100–$4,800 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Illinois | $2,400–$5,500 | $1,300–$3,100 | $100–$200 | High | Chicago metro adds 15–20% labor premium |
| Indiana | $2,100–$4,800 | $1,100–$2,800 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Iowa | $2,000–$4,500 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$125 | High | — |
| Kansas | $2,000–$4,500 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$125 | High | — |
| Kentucky | $1,900–$4,300 | $1,000–$2,600 | $50–$125 | High | — |
| Louisiana | $2,000–$4,500 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Maine | $2,400–$5,500 | $1,300–$3,100 | $100–$200 | Medium | Propane common; cold climate needs higher GPM |
| Maryland | $2,600–$5,800 | $1,400–$3,200 | $100–$225 | High | DC metro influence on labor rates |
| Massachusetts | $3,200–$7,000 | $1,700–$3,800 | $125–$300 | High | MassSave rebates up to $300 available |
| Michigan | $2,200–$5,000 | $1,200–$2,900 | $100–$200 | High | — |
| Minnesota | $2,300–$5,200 | $1,200–$3,000 | $100–$200 | High | Very cold inlet temps; 10+ GPM often required |
| Mississippi | $1,800–$4,000 | $1,000–$2,400 | $50–$100 | High | Among lowest labor rates in US |
| Missouri | $2,000–$4,600 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Montana | $2,200–$5,000 | $1,200–$2,900 | $75–$175 | Medium | Propane common outside Billings/Missoula |
| Nebraska | $2,000–$4,500 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$125 | High | — |
| Nevada | $2,300–$5,200 | $1,200–$3,000 | $100–$200 | High | Las Vegas metro premium |
| New Hampshire | $2,500–$5,600 | $1,300–$3,100 | $100–$200 | Medium | — |
| New Jersey | $3,000–$6,800 | $1,600–$3,600 | $125–$300 | High | NYC metro; high COL; NJ rebates available |
| New Mexico | $2,000–$4,800 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$150 | Medium | — |
| New York | $3,000–$7,000 | $1,600–$3,600 | $125–$350 | High | NYC premium; upstate significantly cheaper |
| North Carolina | $2,000–$4,600 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| North Dakota | $2,100–$4,800 | $1,100–$2,800 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Ohio | $2,100–$4,900 | $1,100–$2,800 | $75–$175 | High | — |
| Oklahoma | $1,900–$4,400 | $1,000–$2,600 | $50–$125 | High | Low labor costs; very competitive market |
| Oregon | $2,700–$6,000 | $1,400–$3,300 | $100–$225 | High | Energy Trust of Oregon rebates available |
| Pennsylvania | $2,400–$5,500 | $1,300–$3,100 | $100–$200 | High | — |
| Rhode Island | $2,800–$6,300 | $1,500–$3,400 | $100–$250 | High | — |
| South Carolina | $1,900–$4,400 | $1,100–$2,600 | $50–$125 | High | — |
| South Dakota | $2,000–$4,600 | $1,100–$2,700 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| Tennessee | $1,900–$4,400 | $1,000–$2,600 | $50–$125 | High | Low labor rates; competitive market |
| Texas | $2,000–$4,800 | $1,100–$2,800 | $75–$175 | High | Open-shop labor; large variation by metro area |
| Utah | $2,200–$5,000 | $1,200–$2,900 | $75–$175 | High | — |
| Vermont | $2,500–$5,800 | $1,300–$3,200 | $100–$200 | Low | Propane common; Efficiency Vermont rebates |
| Virginia | $2,400–$5,500 | $1,300–$3,100 | $100–$200 | High | Northern VA DC-suburb premium |
| Washington | $2,900–$6,500 | $1,500–$3,500 | $100–$250 | High | Seattle metro; Puget Sound Energy rebates |
| West Virginia | $1,800–$4,200 | $1,000–$2,500 | $50–$100 | High | — |
| Wisconsin | $2,200–$5,000 | $1,200–$2,900 | $100–$175 | High | — |
| Wyoming | $2,100–$4,800 | $1,100–$2,800 | $75–$150 | High | — |
| DC | $3,200–$7,000 | $1,700–$3,800 | $150–$350 | High | Highest permit costs; union labor rates |
2026 estimated ranges based on contractor data, regional labor indices, and permit fee surveys. Individual quotes will vary. Always obtain 3+ local quotes for your specific project.
Contractors in expensive urban cores (Boston, Manhattan, San Francisco) charge significantly more than contractors 50–60 miles outside the metro. Homeowners in Boston suburbs have saved $400–$800 by hiring a licensed plumber from 40 miles away who still services their area. Licensing transfers across most state boundaries. Worth one call to a contractor one county away.